同轴涡环相互作用过程的噪声分析

臧振宇; 周志腾; 王士召

doi:10.6052/1000-0992-25-020

同轴涡环相互作用过程的噪声分析

doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-25-020 cstr: 32046.14.1000-0992-25-020

臧振宇^{1, 2},
周志腾^{1, 2},
王士召^{1, 2, ,}

1.
中国科学院力学研究所超常环境非线性力学全国重点实验室, 北京 100190
2.
中国科学院大学工程科学学院, 北京 100190

基金项目: 感谢基础科学中心项目“非线性力学的多尺度问题” (No. 11988102)、国家自然科学基金 (92252203) 和中国科学院稳定支持基础研究领域青年团队计划 (YSBR-087) 对本文研究工作的大力支持.

详细信息

作者简介:
王士召, 中国科学院力学研究所研究员, 博士生导师; 研究方向为湍流与计算流体力学, 致力于发展湍流大涡模拟的近壁模型、复杂边界流动的数值方法和大规模并行算法, 并将其应用于湍流噪声和高性能推进机理方面的研究

通讯作者:
wangsz@lnm.imech.ac.cn

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出版历程
- 录用日期: 2025-10-23
- 网络出版日期: 2025-11-08

Investigation of noise generated by the interactions of coaxial vortex rings

ZANG Zhenyu^{1, 2},
ZHOU Zhiteng^{1, 2},
WANG Shizhao^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
The State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
2.
School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

More Information

Corresponding author: wangsz@lnm.imech.ac.cn

摘要

摘要: 涡环同轴相互作用是亚音速射流中的典型流动结构和重要的噪声来源. 调控涡环相互作用过程的加减速运动是降低射流噪声的关键. 已有的研究工作发现, 弱涡环径向加速度是低频高振幅噪声的主导因素. 本文基于Dyson薄核涡环模型研究了这一现象的成立条件和规律. 通过将声源分解为涡环轴向和径向动力学参数乘积的形式, 研究了不同初始环量比和初始半径比条件下的涡环相互作用过程, 发现了主导总声源脉冲的临界初始半径比. 只有当初始涡环半径比小于临界初始半径比时, 弱涡环径向加速度声源项对总声源的贡献才大于强涡环. 通过对涡环相互作用过程的定量分析, 发现了声源脉冲峰值与涡环轴向速度、径向加速度峰值的关联关系, 并发现强涡环的反向运动, 会造成强涡环声源项产生反相位脉冲.
- 涡环 /
- 同轴相互作用 /
- 声源 /
- 薄核涡环模型 /
- 径向加速度
Abstract: The interactions of coaxial vortex rings are the typical flow in subsonic jets and the significant sources of jet noise. Controlling the acceleration and deceleration of vortex rings during the interactions is critical to noise reduction. Previous studies have shown that the radial acceleration of the weaker ring is the dominant contributor to high-amplitude, low-frequency noise. In this work, the conditions under which this phenomenon occurs and the physical laws that govern it are investigated based on Dyson thin-core vortex ring model. By decomposing the acoustic source into the product of the vortex rings’ axial and radial kinematic parameters, the interactions of vortex rings are analyzed under various initial circulation and radius ratios. A critical initial radius ratio is identified, below which the source term related to the radial acceleration of the weaker ring contributes more to the total noise source than that of the stronger ring. Through quantitative analysis of the vortex ring interaction dynamics, the correlation between the peak value of the noise pulse and the peak values of axial velocity and radial acceleration of the rings is established. Moreover, the reverse motion of the stronger ring can induce an out-of-phase pulse in its corresponding acoustic source term.
- vortex ring /
- coaxial interactions /
- noise source /
- the thin-core vortex ring model /
- the radial acceleration

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图 1 涡环及坐标系示意图

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图 2 (a) 涡环总声源与六项声源分量随时间的变化; (b)涡环总声源强度与径向加速度声源项的关系

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图 3 (a)总声源波动的负脉冲峰值随不同初始环量比与半径比的变化; (b)初始环量比$\eta = 1.5$的涡环同轴相互作用产生的总声源波动负脉冲峰值随不同初始半径比的变化

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图 4 涡环径向加速度声源项对总声源贡献的变化. ■表示弱涡环径向加速度声源项对总声源的贡献更大, ●表示强涡环径向加速度声源项对总声源的贡献更大

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图 5 (a) 初始条件为$\gamma = 0.3,\;\eta = 1.8$的同轴双涡环相互作用中噪声源的分解; (b) 涡环总声源强度与径向加速度声源项的关系

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图 6 初始条件为$\gamma = 0.3, \; \eta = 1.8$的同轴双涡环相互作用中 (a) 涡环轴向速度随时间的变化; (b) 涡环半径随时间的变化; (c) 涡环径向加速度随时间的变化

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图 7 (a) 初始条件为$\gamma = 0.5,\eta = 1.2$的同轴双涡环相互作用中噪声源的分解; (b) 涡环总声源强度与径向加速度声源项的关系

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图 8 初始条件为$\gamma = 0.5, \; \eta = 1.2$的同轴双涡环相互作用中 (a) 涡环轴向速度随时间的变化; (b) 涡环半径随时间的变化; (c) 涡环径向加速度随时间的变化

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