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介电高弹体的力−电耦合循环变形和疲劳失效行为研究

康国政 陈义甫 黄伟洋

康国政, 陈义甫, 黄伟洋. 介电高弹体的力−电耦合循环变形和疲劳失效行为研究. 力学进展, 2023, 53(3): 592-625 doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-23-009
引用本文: 康国政, 陈义甫, 黄伟洋. 介电高弹体的力−电耦合循环变形和疲劳失效行为研究. 力学进展, 2023, 53(3): 592-625 doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-23-009
Kang G Z, Chen Y F, Huang W Y. Review on electro-mechanically coupled cyclic deformation and fatigue failure behavior of dielectric elastomers. Advances in Mechanics, 2023, 53(3): 592-625 doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-23-009
Citation: Kang G Z, Chen Y F, Huang W Y. Review on electro-mechanically coupled cyclic deformation and fatigue failure behavior of dielectric elastomers. Advances in Mechanics, 2023, 53(3): 592-625 doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-23-009

介电高弹体的力−电耦合循环变形和疲劳失效行为研究

doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-23-009
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金 (11972312)资助项目
详细信息
    作者简介:

    康国政, 男, 1969 年 8 月出生, 西南交通大学力学与航空航天学院教授、博导, 国家杰出青年基金获得者, 教育部 “长江学者” 特聘教授, 中组部“万人计划”科技创新领军人才, 德国“洪堡基金会”高级访问学者, 享受国务院政府特殊津贴专家, 四川省学术与技术带头人. 主要从事材料本构关系、复合材料细观力学和材料疲劳与断裂力学研究, 近年来主持了国家杰出青年科学基金、国家自然科学基金重点项目和国家自然科学基金重大项目课题等国家级项目10项、省部级项目12项. 2009 年获中国力学学会青年科技奖, 2010 年获教育部自然科学二等奖 1 项 (排名第 1). 发表SCI论文250余篇, SCI他引6000余次. 出版英文专著1部, 中文专著3部, 研究生教材3本. 现任中国力学学会常务理事, 四川省力学学会理事长, 教育部力学专业教指委委员, 国际期刊Int. J. Fatigue共同主编, Int. J. Fracture领域编辑, Int. J. PlasticityZAMMActa Mechanica Solida Sinica 等8 份杂志编委

    通讯作者:

    guozhengkang@swjtu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TB324

Review on electro-mechanically coupled cyclic deformation and fatigue failure behavior of dielectric elastomers

More Information
  • 摘要: 介电高弹体的力−电耦合循环变形和疲劳失效行为目前在相关功能器件的设计和寿命评估中得到了越来越多的关注. 因此, 为了促进软体机器人等领域的发展, 文章对介电高弹体的力−电耦合循环变形和疲劳失效行为的实验和理论研究现状进行了较为全面地综述: 首先, 对介电高弹体VHBTM材料在单一力场和力−电耦合作用下的循环变形行为及其演化特征进行了评述, 重点总结了该材料在循环载荷作用下表现出的循环软化、棘轮行为和疲劳失效行为及其力−电耦合效应; 然后, 对已有的、描述介电高弹体单一力场和力−电耦合变形行为的本构模型进行综述, 评述了已有的超弹性、黏−超弹性和黏−超弹性−塑性本构模型对介电高弹体循环变形行为及其力−电耦合效应的描述能力; 最后, 对介电高弹体的力−电耦合失效行为研究现状进行了评述, 特别关注了介电高弹体在力−电耦合大变形作用下的低周疲劳失效行为. 基于已有研究现状的评述, 文章还对相关领域的未来研究方向进行了展望, 力求促进相关研究领域的发展.

     

  • 图  1  介电高弹体器件的工作原理

    图  2  VHBTM4910的滞回环现象及其率相关性 (Hossain et al. 2012)

    图  3  VHBTM4905从−30℃至80℃的单次拉伸−卸载应力−伸长比曲线 (Liao et al. 2020)

    图  4  介电高弹体VHBTM4910在应变控制 (最大伸长比分别为1.5和3) 循环载荷下的伸长比−应力曲线 (Thylander et al. 2017)

    图  5  应力控制循环变形实验结果 (Chen et al. 2019). (a) 应力−应变曲线 (25 kPa ± 25 kPa), (b) 循环变形后零应力保持60 min时残余应变的回复曲线, (c) 不同应力水平下棘轮应变的演化曲线, (d) 不同应力速率下棘轮应变的演化曲线

    图  6  介电高弹体在预拉伸后的电致大变形实验 (Pelrine et al. 2000)

    图  7  介电高弹体VHBTM4910的介电常数随等双轴拉伸变形的增大而减小 (Wissler & Mazza 2007a)

    图  8  介电高弹体应变随循环电压的变化曲线 (Bai et al. 2014)

    图  9  力−电耦合循环加载下的应力−应变曲线 (Chen et al. 2020b). (a) 无电压−循环应力 (参照实验), (b) 循环电压−循环应力同相加载, (c) 循环电压−循环应力反相加载

    图  10  VHBTM材料在大变形拉伸下的应变刚化效应 (Lu et al. 2020)

    图  11  不同超弹性模型对VHBTM4910模拟曲线和实验曲线的比较. (a) neo-Hookean模型, (b) Yeoh模型, (c) Gent模型, (d) Ogden模型

    图  12  应变−时间曲线的实验结果和模拟结果的对比 (Wissler & Mazza 2007b). (a) 第1圈, (b) 全部75圈

    图  13  VHBTM拉伸−卸载和多步松弛实验和模拟结果的对比 (Hossain et al. 2012). (a) 拉伸−卸载, (b) 多步松弛

    图  14  改进Kelvin-Voigt模型的一维流变学示意图 (Chang et al. 2017), 其中, $\mu _{\rm{s}}$代表串联弹簧的模量; $\mu _{\rm{p}}$代表并联弹簧的模量; $\eta $代表并联阻尼的黏度

    图  15  VHBTM材料实验和模拟应力−应变曲线的对比 (Xiang et al. 2019). (a) 准静态拉伸, (b) 不同速率的拉伸

    图  16  耦合Mullins损伤的黏−超弹性流变学模型 (Lu T et al. 2017)

    图  17  黏−超弹性−塑性本构模型的流变学示意图, 其中, $\mu _{}^{\text{e}}$, $\mu _{}^{\text{v}}$$\mu _{}^{\text{p}}$分别表示超弹性分支A、黏弹性分支B和塑性分支C的剪切模量; $\tau _{}^{\text{v}}$$c_{}^{\text{p}}$分别表示与黏弹性和塑性内变量演化相关的材料参数; P表示外加载荷 (Chen et al. 2020a)

    图  18  黏−超弹−塑性本构模型对VHBTM介电高弹体循环应力−应变曲线的模拟 (Chen et al. 2020a). (a) 应变控制循环加载, (b) 应力控制循环加载, (c) 不同平均应力的棘轮应变, (d) 不同应力速率的棘轮应变

    图  19  VHBTM介电高弹体在不同电压和拉伸速率下的变形−应力曲线 (Qu et al. 2012). (a) 理论模拟结果, (b) 实验结果

    图  20  力−电耦合的黏−超弹性−塑性本构模型对VHBTM介电高弹体循环应力−应变曲线的模拟 (Chen et al. 2020b). (a) 6 kV下的应力循环的应力−应变曲线, (b) 6 kV下的应力循环的棘轮应变和峰谷应变, (c) 不同电压下应变循环的峰值应力, (d) 不同电压下应力循环的棘轮应变

    图  21  介电高弹体的输出电流和能量密度在第9个循环周次出现显著的下降, 说明漏电的发生 (Huang et al. 2013). (a) 输出电流, (b) 能量密度

    图  22  介电高弹体材料的力−电耦合低周疲劳实验结果 (Chen et al. 2021). (a) 常电压−循环应力加载下的应力−应变曲线和疲劳寿命, (b) 疲劳寿命−应力幅值关系曲线

    图  23  基于构型应力的力−电耦合低周疲劳模型对VHBTM材料疲劳寿命的预测结果 (Chen et al. 2021)

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  • 收稿日期:  2023-03-03
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