REVIEW ON IN-TUBE CONDENSATION IN DIFFERENT GRAVITY CONDITIONS
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摘要: 本文对不同重力环境中水平管内冷凝气液两相流动与传热现象的研究现状进行了全面评介, 重点关注于航天应用中的小管径、低流量和以氨为工质的情形,以及部分重力条件下冷凝现象中的重力效应. 冷凝现象中管壁四周液膜的存在,导致水平管内冷凝气液两相流与沸腾或绝热气液两相流在构型上存在着明显的不同, 表面张力的作用增大,向波状和分层流转换所对应的临界Bond数也随之增大, 进而使小管径、低流量水平管内冷凝气液两相流动与传热现象中的重力效应减弱,甚至可以忽略不计. 实验发现该情形中摩擦压降要小于基于常规气液两相流实验数据的经验关联式的预测结果, 而更接近光滑环状流情形; 对冷凝两相传热系数的预测,只有采用基于空隙率与界面剪切率相互耦合的模型, 才能够给出较好的结果.
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关键词:
- 传热系数
Abstract: Studies on horizontal in-tube condensation flow and heattransfer in different gravity conditions are reviewed, with focus concentrated on thecase of small scale tube, for low flow rate of ammonia, which is a routine practice inspace applications. Gravity influence on in-tube condensation in partialgravity conditions are discussed in detail. Condensate film on the innerperimeter in horizontal in-tube condensation leads to the differences of itsflow configuration from forced boiling and adiabatic two-phase gas-liquidflow, which enhances the effects of surface tension and increases the valueof the critical Bond number with regards to the transition to wavy andstratified flow regimes. Thus, the influence of gravity on flow and heattransfer in horizontal in-tube condensation with small scale tube and lowflow rate will be weakened, even be come negligible. It was found that themeasured frictional pressure drops in these cases are close to the predictionsgiven by smooth annular flow model, which are smaller than the predictions byempirical correlations based on the experimental data of two-phasegas-liquid flow at conventional conditions. Better predictions are obtainedonly by using a method based on a coupling of the void fraction with theinterfacial shear rate.-
Key words:
- heat transfer coefficient
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