Abstract: Knee is the biggest and the most complicated joint in humanbody, whose damage would cause abnormal movement of knee.The joint cartilage and meniscus would be worn out anddegenerated, and bony arthrosis would be formed at last. The daily life ofthe patient would be affected. The most popular treatmentis knee orthopaedic or replacement, while the total knee replacement would beadopted for severe damaged knee joint. As the knee replacementbecomes the most popular surgery, the researches related to knee prothesisattract more and more attentions. This paper reviews studies on thereplacement from biomechanical point of view, including the types and materials of prothesis, the theoreticaland experimental study on biomechanical properties of prothesis, theoreticalmodel of bone reconstruction, the theory and experiment of osseointegration,and the related finite element model. The existing problems related toartificial knee replacement are discussed and the futuredevelopment directions are commented.