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超声速燃烧与高超声速推进

俞刚 范学军

俞刚, 范学军. 超声速燃烧与高超声速推进[J]. 力学进展, 2013, 43(5): 449-471. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-13-037
引用本文: 俞刚, 范学军. 超声速燃烧与高超声速推进[J]. 力学进展, 2013, 43(5): 449-471. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-13-037
YU Gong, FAN Xuejun. Supersonic combustion and hypersonic propulsion[J]. Advances in Mechanics, 2013, 43(5): 449-471. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-13-037
Citation: YU Gong, FAN Xuejun. Supersonic combustion and hypersonic propulsion[J]. Advances in Mechanics, 2013, 43(5): 449-471. doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-13-037

超声速燃烧与高超声速推进

doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-13-037
详细信息
    作者简介:

    俞刚,1938年出生于上海.1961年毕业于天津南开大学数学力学系,同年分配到中国科学院力学研究所工作.先后从事过爆炸力学、气动激光研究.1980和90年代初赴美国芝加哥西北大学、西雅图华盛顿大学以及普林斯顿大学从事燃烧、气流混合和激光诊断技术研究.1992年回国后从事超声速燃烧研究.1995年被聘为研究员,2003年退休.

    通讯作者:

    俞刚

  • 中图分类号: V231.1

Supersonic combustion and hypersonic propulsion

More Information
    Corresponding author: YU Gong
  • 摘要: 50 多年的努力和曲折经历证明了超声速燃烧冲压发动机概念的可行性. 本文对影响超燃冲压发动机技术成熟的主要因素作了扼要的分析. 高超声速推进的首要问题是净推力, 利用超声速燃烧获得推力遇到各种实际问题的制约, 它们往往互相牵制. 几次飞行试验表明高超声速飞行需要的发动机净推力仍差强人意, 液体碳氢燃料(煤油) 超燃冲压发动机在飞行马赫数5 上下的加速和模态转换过程, 成为高超声速吸气式推进继续发展的瓶颈. 研究表明, 利用吸热碳氢燃料不仅是发动机冷却的需要也是提高发动机推力和性能的关键举措, 燃料吸热后物性改变对燃烧性能的附加贡献对超燃冲压发动机的净推力至关重要.当前, 实验模拟技术和测量技术相对地落后, 无法对环境、尺寸和试验时间做到完全的模拟. 计算流体动力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD) 逐渐成为除实验以外唯一可用的工具, 然而, 超声速燃烧的数值模拟遇到湍流和化学反应动力学的双重困难. 影响对发动机的性能作正确可靠的评估.提出双模态超燃冲压发动机模态转换、吸热碳氢燃料主动冷却燃料催化裂解与超声速燃烧耦合、燃烧稳定性、实验模拟技术与装置、内流场特性和发动机性能测量、数值模拟中的湍流模型、煤油替代燃料及简化机理等研究前沿课题, 和未来5~10 年重点发展方向的建议.

     

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  • 收稿日期:  2013-05-29
  • 修回日期:  2013-09-09
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