金属材料力学性能的辐照硬化效应

肖厦子; 宋定坤; 楚海建; 薛建明; 段慧玲

doi:10.6052/1000-0992-14-071

金属材料力学性能的辐照硬化效应

doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-14-071

肖厦子^1,2,
宋定坤¹,
楚海建^3,4,
薛建明^2,5,
段慧玲^1,2, ,

1 北京大学工学院力学与工程科学系, 北京100871
2 北京大学工学院应用物理与技术研究中心, 北京100871
3 上海大学应用数学与力学研究所, 上海200444
4 上海大学理学院力学系, 上海200444
5 北京大学物理学院, 北京100871

基金项目: 国家杰出青年科学基金项目(11225208) 和上海市东方学者项目资助.

详细信息

通讯作者:
段慧玲, 女, 北京大学理学博士(2005), 长江学者特聘教授, 固体力学博士生导师

中图分类号: O345
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-11-27
- 刊出日期: 2015-08-30

Irradiation hardening for metallic materials

1 State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking Universitity, Beijing 100871, China
2 HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
3 Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai 200444, China
4 Department of Mechanics, College of Sciences, Shanghai 200444, China
5 Physics School of Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Huiling DUAN

摘要

摘要: 开展金属材料力学性能的辐照硬化研究对抗辐照材料的设计及工程应用具有重要意义. 材料辐照损伤效应主要包括材料原子移位产生的辐照缺陷以及由核反应产生的氢、氦等气体杂质对材料性能的影响. 金属材料的辐照效应主要包括辐照硬化、辐照脆化和辐照蠕变等. 该文主要综述在低温(T < 0.3 T_m, T_m 是材料的熔点温度) 和低辐照剂量下, 由原子移位损伤产生的辐照缺陷所导致的辐照硬化行为, 即受辐照缺陷的影响, 材料的强度会升高. 材料的晶粒尺寸、晶界以及温度等因素对多晶材料的辐照硬化具有重要影响. 金属材料力学性能的辐照硬化研究是个多尺度问题, 其宏观力学性能既取决于微观尺度上辐照缺陷导致晶粒内部结构的变化, 也取决于细观尺度上晶粒间的相互作用. 该文从实验结果、数值模拟和理论模型三方面综述金属材料力学性能的辐照硬化研究进展. 在此基础上, 展望了该领域中存在的主要科学问题.
- 金属材料 /
- 辐照硬化 /
- 温度影响 /
- 尺寸效应 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: Investigations on irradiation hardening of metallic materials have much sig- nificance for the design of anti-irradiation materials and engineering applications. Both irradiation-induced defects and gaseous impurities produced by nuclear reactions have dra- matic irradiation effects on the mechanical properties of materials, which include irradiation hardening, irradiation embrittlement and irradiation creep, etc. In this paper we are con- cerned with irradiation hardening, i.e., the strength of materials increases with irradiation, under low irradiation doses and low temperatures of T < 0.3 T_m with T_m the melting temper- ature. Besides, other factors such as the grain size, the grain boundary and the temperature affect mechanical behaviors of irradiated polycrystalline materials. The study of irradia- tion hardening of metallic materials is a multi-scale problem, for which the macroscopic mechanical behaviors of irradiated materials are determined by both the change of interior structures with irradiation at micro-scale and the interactions among irradiated grains at meso-scale. This paper reviews experimental results, numerical simulations and theoretical models for irradiation hardening of metallic materials. Some scientific problems for future study are also presented.
- metallic materials /
- irradiation hardening /
- temperature effect /
- size effect /
- mechanical behaviors

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