STUDIES ON TURBULENCE IN VEGETATION
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摘要: 本文从实验和模式理论两个方面介绍了近年来在植被湍流研究方面的进展.实验研究表明,植被内湍流是高度间歇性的,大尺度涡在湍流输运中起主导作用.植物枝、干、叶打碎了大尺度涡,产生的迹湍流中的小尺度涡更容易耗散成热。因此,植被内能量不按一般的能量级串理论预示的方式进行,而要发生所谓“短路”现象,使得功率谱曲线的斜率在惯性区比-2/3律更负.现有的高阶封闭模式虽然取得了很大成功,但在模拟湍流强度上高估了其大小,还需根据实验加以改进.Abstract: The present paper surveys advances in experimental and theoretical studies on turbulence in vegetation in recent years.The experimental results show that the turbulence in vegetation is high skewed,kurtotic and intermittent,and that turbulence transport processes in vegetation are dominated by large intermittent eddies. The plant elements, such as leaves, stems and branches generate turbulent wake with length scales smaller than those produced by meanwind shear. The smaller-sized, wake-generated turbulence ...
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Key words:
- forest meteorology /
- vegetation /
- turbulence model /
- turbulence
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